George Ruheni, PhD.

Second Plague- Frogs The first and second plagues in the book of Exodus are closely connected to water, striking at the very heart of Egyptian life and belief. One of the deities challenged in the second plague was the goddess, Heqet (also called Heket ), who was depicted with the head of a frog. She was associated with fertility, birth, and the life-giving power of the Nile. The reasons for the worship of frogs were that they common around the Nile, reproduced rapidly, and they were amphibians. Frogs were considered sacred in Egypt and could not be killed. So Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt, and the frogs came up and covered the land of Egypt. 7 And the magicians did so with their enchantments, and brought up frogs on the land of Egypt (Exodus 8:6-7). Frogs were revered in Egypt because they were abundant along the Nile, reproduced rapidly, and symbolized life and renewal. As sacred creatures, they were not to be killed. When Aaron stretched out his hand ...

 Moses a witness to Pharaoh Moses was chosen to represent God before Pharaoh. At the time, Pharaoh had no knowledge of the true God, he only understood the gods of Egypt. Consequently, he rejected any dealings with Yahweh, wondering Who is the Lord, that I should obey Him [Exodus 5:2]. In response, God elevated Moses’ role, by making him as god to Pharaoh so that he could speak and act with divine authority before Pharaoh. So the Lord said to Moses: “See, I have made you as God to Pharaoh, and Aaron your brother shall be your prophet (Exodus 7:1). This reveals that people often reject God not out of defiance alone, but out of ignorance. Pharaoh’s resistance was rooted in a lack of true knowledge of Yahweh.    In the same way, believers today are called to represent God to a world that may not know Him. As the Apostle Paul teaches, believers are epistles to be read by all men [2 Corinthians 3:2–3]. Believers should be representatives of God’s character, messenge...

Covenant Keeping God When God says to Moses, “I am the Lord”, He is reminding Moses of His covenant name, Yahweh, the eternal, self-existent One. This is not just a title; it is a declaration of His unchanging nature and His faithfulness to His promises. “I AM” means: He is present in every moment, He is sufficient for every need, and He is unchanging, even when circumstances shift. And God spoke to Moses and said to him: “I am the Lord (Exodus 6:2). Moses had just faced rejection from Pharaoh and backlash from the Israelites. He felt abandoned and confused. Despite being told that Pharaoh would resist, the reality was harsher than expected. Moses questioned, “Why have You not You delivered Your people?” a cry many of us echo when God’s promises seem delayed.   But God was not silent, He was drawing near. When human help fails and our souls are weary, that is often when God whispers, “I AM.” It is not just comfort, it is a call to trust. God was not only working to free ...

Let My people go When Moses and Aaron first confronted Pharaoh, their message carried a profound claim. "Let My people go!" This statement asserted that the Israelites ultimately belonged to God and were not merely a labor force under Egyptian control. God demanded their freedom so they could worship Him. Afterward, Moses and Aaron went in and told Pharaoh, “Thus says the Lord God of Israel: ‘Let My people go, that they may hold a feast to Me in the wilderness.’ ” (Exodus 5:1). In the biblical worldview, worship was not simply a religious activity but an acknowledgment of ownership and covenant relationship. By commanding Pharaoh to release Israel for worship, God was declaring His authority over the people and over the land of Egypt itself.   Pharaoh’s resistance becomes clearer when viewed within the religious and political system of ancient Egypt. Egyptian rulers were not merely political leaders, they were regarded as divine or semi-divine figures who maintained ...

  God gives Moses signs The account of Moses shows that God’s calling often confronts human insecurity. When God appeared to Moses at the burning bush [Exodus 3–4], Moses repeatedly expressed doubts about his ability to lead Israel. His concerns included fear of rejection by the Israelites, uncertainty about what to say, and his perceived weakness in speaking. While humility before God is commendable, Moses’ hesitation began to reflect a lack of trust in God’s power and promise.    So the Lord said to him, “What is that in your hand?” He said, “A rod (Exodus 4:2). God full of mercies and longsuffering goes further to help him out of unbelief, by using his ordinary ragged rod. The rod Moses carried as a shepherd was an ordinary tool, yet God transformed it into a sign of divine authority. It later became the instrument through which miracles occurred, such as turning into a serpent, bringing plagues upon Egypt, and parting the Red Sea. The profound lesson is that....

  Moses and the burning bush on Mount Horeb Moses spent 40 years tending the flock of his father-in-law Jethro. This was not a noble task as there is no evidence that he owned any flock, or had built an empire. He lived what we might call today a life of quiet obscurity. This was a stripping of self-reliance, a dismantling of Egyptian pride, and a preparation of character before assignment. In Egypt he was mighty in status, in Midian he became mighty in surrender. God often prepares deliverers in hidden places before public impact. And the Angel of the Lord appeared to him in a flame of fire from the midst of a bush. So he looked, and behold, the bush was burning with fire, but the bush was not consumed (Exodus 3:2). He noticed a bush that was burning with fire, but was not consumed. Fire in Scripture usually represents, God’s holiness, presence, judgment, and purification. However, the bush was burning but, it was not destroyed. This was not just a miracle, but a message. ...